Death and Lebanon

The trimodal death distribution of trauma victims: military experience from the Lebanon War.

INTRODUCTION Mortality in war is traditionally divided into two categories: killed in action and died of wounds. Mortality in civilian trauma is generally divided into three categories: immediate death (50%), early death (30%), and late death (20%). Can we identify a trimodal death distribution among war victims? METHODS We analyzed data for casualties in the Lebanon War from June 6 to Septem...

Consociationalism in Lebanon

Should Lebanon abandon the consociational democratic system? This paper attempts to answer the question by examining the pathologies of the current system and then evaluating its strengths, weaknesses, and potential for reform. Theories of consociational democracy and of conflict regulation are used in this analysis. This paper concludes that there is potential for limited reforms that will mak...

Surgery in Lebanon.

I n the Middle East, Lebanon has traditionally been known for high standards of medical education and a high quality of medical care. Its health care system is characterized by an abundance of medical schools, hospitals, equipment, and manpower; multiple systems of medical education; prevalence of the private sector; and paradoxical proficiency of the system in the face of lack of regulation. T...

Microbiological Quality and Safety of Retail Chicken and Beef Products in Lebanon

Background: Controlling and reducing the food-borne illnesses remain one of the most challenging problems encountered by food authorities worldwide. This study was conducted to assess the microbiological quality of chicken breast, chicken liver, local and imported offal, and ground beef meat products sold in the Lebanese retail market. Methods: Thirty-five chicken breast and liver samples prod...

Microfinance in Algeria, Tunisia, and Lebanon